SAFAKNA TURKEY – Dr. Trainer Member Ebru Karji made important warnings about lung cancer on February 4, World Cancer Day. Dr. Instructor Prof. Dr. Karji stated that lung cancer is the biggest cause of cancer death among men and women in our country and worldwide, and said: “Lung cancer occurs as a result of the uncontrolled reproduction of cells that make up the lung tissue. There are many different types of lung cancer. Between 85 and 90 percent of people with lung cancer have female small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The most common subtypes of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Approximately 10 to 15 percent of people with lung cancer have small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
FOCUS ON ASBESTOS, RADON GAS AND AIR POLLUTION
Focusing on risk factors for lung cancer, Dr. Instructor Member Ebru Karji continued, “Not everyone has the same chance of getting cancer. Causes that increase the chances of getting cancer are called risk factors. Smokers are 10 to 30 times more likely to get lung cancer than non-smokers. In addition, exposure to asbestos, a group of minerals used in some industries as an insulating material, increases the risk of lung cancer by 3-4 times. Radon gas is an odorless radioactive gas. In the lands where our homes are located, and especially in areas rich in uranium, radon gas, which mixes with the earth in the air inside our home, promotes the formation of lung cancer through breathing. On the other hand, a link has been found between lung cancer and exposure to air pollution.
The risk of developing lung cancer increases with age. After the age of 40, the risk of developing lung cancer gradually increases every year. In addition, some people have a genetic predisposition to lung cancer. Someone with a first-degree relative with lung cancer has a higher risk of developing the disease. The risk increases even more in people who have had tobacco-related cancer, such as throat cancer, or who have had radiation therapy to the chest area. In addition, it has been reported that the incidence of lung cancer may increase in people with COPD or pulmonary fibrosis.
“DO NOT IGNORE THE SYMPTOMS”
Dr. Trainer Member Ebru Karji noted that lung cancer can be diagnosed early and drew attention to the following 8 symptoms: “Cough: This is often considered insufficient because it is caused by other causes. Persistent cough lasting more than two weeks, gradually increasing and the cause of which cannot be determined, may be a sign of lung cancer and should be consulted with a doctor. Difficulty breathing or wheezing: An important indicator of insidious lung cancer can be shortness of breath. Remember that early diagnosis is vital. Spitting up or coughing up blood: Coughing up blood in your sputum or dark brown sputum can also be a sign of lung cancer. Chest pain that may be dull, sharp, or stabbing: If the pain gets worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing, you should see your doctor. Hoarseness/Change/Harsh voice: Hoarseness can be caused, among other things, by an upper respiratory tract infection or gastroesophageal reflux disease, allergies. Hoarseness associated with lung cancer occurs when the tumor affects the nerve that controls the vocal cords. Frequent lung/lower respiratory tract infections. If you have frequent chest infections such as bronchitis or pneumonia despite taking antibiotics, it could be a sign of a number of lung conditions, including cancer.
Unexplained weight loss: This can cause sudden weight loss in about 6 out of 10 people with lung cancer. If you are still losing weight despite not dieting, see your doctor to find out the exact cause. Drum Fingers: Also known as “drum” or “drum” nails. This discovery can be seen in various diseases; determines the deterioration of the fingers and nails.
“NEW METHODS OF TREATMENT DEVELOPED”
Recommending people with risk factors to be screened once a year, dr. Instructor Karchi said: “People between the ages of 50 and 80 who have smoked at least 1 pack a day (e.g. 2 packs a day for 10 years) for 20 years are currently still smoking or have quit smoking in the last 15 years of age, have low-dose lung cancer screening. A CT scan once a year is recommended for screening purposes. On the other hand, treatment is determined depending on the stage of the lung cancer. In recent years there have been very promising developments in the treatment of lung cancer. Advances in molecular pathology and imaging techniques have enabled us to better understand and treat lung cancer. New chemotherapy drugs, targeted smart molecules, immunotherapeutics, developments in surgery and radiotherapy techniques, radiotherapy applications targeting 3-4D tumor tissue, new pinpointing devices such as SBRT for small and inappropriate tumors, interventional methods. Tumors (ablation) and freezing (cryotherapy) have increased success rates in the treatment of lung cancer. Treatment planning should take into account the type of lung cancer, location of the tumor, the general health of the patient, the stage of the cancer, and the results of imaging and blood tests.
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